Sound

Diegetic sound

Sound whose source is visible on the screen or whose source is implied to be present by the action of the film:
.voices of characters
.sounds made by objects in the story
.music represented as coming from instruments in the story space ( source music)

Digetic sound can be either on screen or off screen

Non-diegetic sound

Sound whose source is neither visible on the screen nor has been implied to be present in the action:

.narrator's commentary
.sound effects which is added for the dramatic effect
music

Non-diegetic sound is represented as coming from the a source outside story space.


Synchronous sounds

sounds which are synchronized or matched with what is viewed. For example:
If the film portrays a character playing the piano, the sounds of the piano are projected.

Asynchronous sound effects

these do not match with a visible source of the sound on screen. Such sounds are included so as to provide an appropriate emotional nuance, and they may also add to the realism of the flim. Eg:
A film maker might opt to include the background sound of an ambulance's siren while the foreground sound and image portrays an arguing couple.

Sound Motif

A sound effect or combination of sound effects that are associated with a particular character, setting, situation or idea through the film. The sound motifs condition the audience emotionally for the intervention, arrival, or actions of a particular character.

Sound bridge

Adding to continuity through sound, by running sound (narration, dialogue or music) from one shot across a cut to another shot to make the action seem uninterrupted.

Voice Over

The term voice-over refers to a production technique where a non-diagetic voice is broadcast live or pre-recorded in radio, television, film, theater and/or presentation.[1] The voice-over may be spoken by someone who also appears on-screen in other segments or it may be performed by a specialist voice actor. Voice-over is also commonly referred to as "off camera" commentary.

Mode of adress

Modes of address can be defined as the ways in which relations between addresser and addressee are constructed in a text. In order to communicate, a producer of any text must make some assumptions about an intended audience; reflections of such assumptions may be discerned in the text (advertisements offer particularly clear examples of this).

Direct adress

A direct address is the name of the person who is being directly spoken to

Sound Mixing

The combination, during the phase of postproduction, of three different categories of film sound-dialogue, sound effects, and music.

Sound perspective

Sound perspective refers to the apparent distance of a sound. Clues to the distance of the source include the volume of the sound, the balance with other sounds, the frequency range (high frequencies may be lost at a distance), and the amount of echo and reverberation.

Dialogue

In a dialogue scene, a constant sound perspective, despite picture cuts, helps maintain continuity

Soundtrack

soundtrack is a contraction of "sound track" and is an audio recording created or used in fim produtcion or post production. Initially the dialogue, sound effects, and music in a film each has its own separate track and these are mixed together to make what is called the composite track, which is heard in the film.

Film score

A film score is a broad term referring to the music in a film which is generally categorically separated from songs used within a film. The term film score is frequently synonymous with film soundtrack, though a soundtrack may also include the songs used in the film while the score does not. A score is sometimes written specifically to accompany a film, but may also be compiled from previously written musical compositions.

Incidental Music

Incidental music is music in a play, television program, radio program, video game, film or some other form not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film music, with such music being referred to instead as the "film score" or "soundtrack."Incidental music is often "background" music, and adds atmosphere to the action.

Editing

Transitions

Dissolve

A dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another. In film, this effect is created by controlled double exposure from frame to frame; transiting from the end of one clip to the beginning of another.


Fade in/fade out

Fade, as it relates to film, is the process of causing a picture to gradually darken and disappear, or reverse. This is fade in and fade out.


Wipe

In film editing, a wipe is a gradual spatial transition from one image to another. One image is replaced by another with a distinct edge that forms a shape. A simple edge, an expanding circle, or the turning of a page are all examples.

Superimposition

In graphics, superimposition is the placement of an image or video on top of an already-existing image or video, usually to add to the overall image effect, but also sometimes to conceal something.



Long Take

A long take is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes. It can be used for dramatic and narrative effect if done properly, and in moving shots is often accomplished through the use of a dolly or Steadicam.


Short Take






Slow motion

This is a technique in film-making whereby time appears to be slowed down.It can be used for replays in sport etc.




Elipsis and expansion of time

An ellipsis is an apparent break in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story


Post Production

Post-production occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, videos, audio recordings, photography and digital art. It is the general term for all stages of production occurring after the actual end of shooting and/or recording the completed work.


Visual Effects

Visual effects are the various processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shoot.

Opening Credits

Every Movie will thave differant opening credits and the credits will vary depending on what type of movie it is eg. Comedy, thriller, horror or action. Opening Credits are also used in Tv programmes and video games.Opening credits give a list of actors, crew members and directors and are usually accomponied by music.
In movies and television, the title and opening credits may be preceded by a "cold open", or brief scene, that helps to set the stage for the episode.

Heres an example of a "Good" opening Credit

In the opening of a thriller movie or horror the opening credits tend to be differant to the opening of a comedy or action.

When opening a thriller or horror movie the music will be sharp and dramatic. The credits font may tend to be sharp and clear with dramatic transitions. Also when moving into the movie this type of movie will jump immediately into the "action" and begin dramatically.

In a comedy film opening credits tend to be more light hearted and fun. The fonts used will be larger and more colourful. After the credits the movie may start with humour and may introduce characters rather than jumping into the storyline.